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IBD is used to describe both Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. These are chronic conditions that involve inflammation of the intestines and/or other parts of the digestive system. According to Crohn’s and Colitis Australia, more than 80 000 Australians live with IBD. Hence, Australia has one of the highest prevalence rates in the world.
Individuals with IBD are at a higher risk of malnutrition. Reasons for this include loss of appetite, increased energy needs due to chronic inflammation and/or poor digestion or malabsorption of nutrients. A healthy diet can help restore the body to health, help during periods of flare-up and may also lead to a better response to medication.
What Causes IBD?
The cause of IBD remains unknown but genetics, environment (e.g. viruses, bacteria and/or proteins) and immune system factors may be possible factors. To date, there is no cure for IBD. However, medication is an effective management strategy to help the intestines heal, reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. IBD encompasses periods of remission with irregular flare-ups, as symptoms are dependent on the degree of inflammation present. Symptoms vary in severity and can include: abdominal pain, loose watery stools (can include blood), urgency to open bowels, fever (particularly during a flare-up), unintentional weight loss, loss of appetite, tiredness and fatigue, nutrient deficiencies (e.g. anaemia) and certain chronic conditions (e.g. joint pain and osteoporosis).
